An organic farmer pays all the attention to the top, about 10-30 cm thick layer of earth: it is a layer of humus. It is full of life, constantly created and constantly broken down, changed for the better or worse. This layer of soil has most intense impact on the growth and health of plants. The gardener can, with his biological cultivating, influence directly the layer of humus. He can nurture it, feed and grow. The land is at the center of his efforts. Warm, loose humus rich in nutrients is a goal of every farmer.
But first, we need to figure out what this magic word – humus- actually means. Firstly: the humus is more than the sum of its physical, chemical and biological properties. It is a living organism – and therefore, like all living things, it is ultimately unpredictable. This is one reason why a good bio gardener need not only a certain amount of expertise, but also a good heart and opened eyes to observe that with love and with accuracy.